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Among the writings available from the Middle Persian scripts, the treatise of Khosrow and Ridag, points about stews and foods and the way of using them and how they are obtained in the Sassanid period are found as valid references in compiling the history of cooking in Iran. The names of many of the Iranian dishes and culinary terms that have been translated can be seen in Arabic language books. Naturally the customs and habits of the Arabs influenced the Iranians, specifically in Abbasid period. Trost, Alex; Kravetsky, Vadim (13 June 2014). 100 of the Most Delicious Iranian Dishes. p.8. ISBN 978-1-4944-9809-2. Outside of Iran, a strong presence of Iranian cuisine can be found in cities with significant Iranian diaspora populations, namely the San Francisco Bay Area, Vancouver, Toronto, [13] [14] [15] [16] Houston and especially Los Angeles and its environs. [13] [14] [17] History [ edit ] Matthee, Rudolph P. (2005). The Pursuit of Pleasure: Drugs and Stimulants in Iranian History, 1500-1900. p.146. ISBN 0-691-11855-8.

Parts of what is modern-day northwestern Iran was part of the Kura–Araxes culture (circa 3400 BC—ca. 2000 BC), that stretched up into the neighbouring regions of the Caucasus and Anatolia. [27] [28] Taste of Persia: 10 foodie ways to see Iran". The Telegraph. 6 April 2016. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. The food of southern Iran is hot and spicy, just like its climate (...) Wine ( mey) has also a significant presence in Iranian culture. Shirazi wine is Iran's historically most famous wine production, originating from the city of Shiraz. [67] [68] [69] By the 9th century, the city of Shiraz had already established a reputation for producing the finest wine in the world, [68] and was Iran's wine capital. Since the 1979 Revolution, alcoholic beverages have been prohibited in Iran; though non-Muslim recognized minorities (i.e. Christians, Jews, and Zoroastrians) are allowed to produce alcoholic beverages for their own use. [70] While non-alcoholic beer ( ābjow) is available from legal outlets, other citizens prepare their alcoholic beverages illegally through the minority groups [71] [72] [73] and largely from Iraqi Kurdistan and Turkey. [74]After the Mongol raid and fall of the Abbasids, Sunni hierarchies faltered. Not only did they lose the caliphate but also the status of official madhhab. Their loss was the gain of Shia, whose centre wasn't in Iran at that time. Several local Shia dynasties like Sarbadars were established during this time. [ citation needed] By the first millennium B.C., the Persians were well established in southwestern Iran, with their capital at Anshan, an old city of the Elamites, an ancient ethnic group from the Iranian plateau. The Persians were ruled by kings who claimed descent from a semi-mythical king named Achaemenes. For several centuries, the Assyrians and later the Medes, an Indo-Iranian people who were settled in northwestern Iran, dominated the Persians, according to World History Encyclopedia. But during the mid-sixth century B.C., an ambitious and capable ruler named Cyrus came to power. Later known as Cyrus the Great, he revolted against the Medes, conquered them, and then embarked on a campaign of conquest, adding the kingdoms of Lydia, Elam and Babylon to his burgeoning empire. At the time of his death in 530 B.C., his Achaemenid Empire stretched from the Balkans in Europe to India, and, as previously discussed on Live Science, is considered to have been one of the largest empires, both geographically and in terms of population, in the ancient world. Hulagu Khan seized Baghdad in 1258 and put the last Abbasid caliph to death. The westward advance of his forces was stopped by the Mamelukes, however, at the Battle of Ain Jalut in Palestine in 1260. Hulagu's campaigns against the Muslims also enraged Berke, khan of the Golden Horde and a convert to Islam. Hulagu and Berke fought against each other, demonstrating the weakening unity of the Mongol empire.

PERSIAN has six bold whiskers that give it a look of toughness. The whiskers sense air movements to determine what is in the POKéMON’s surrounding vicinity. It becomes docile if grabbed by the whiskers.Advieh or chāshni refers to a wide variety of pungent vegetables and dried fruits that are used in Iranian cuisine to flavor food. Brad Cohen. "BBC - Travel - The complicated culture of Bosnian coffee". bbc.com . Retrieved 19 August 2015. Archive.org, "Assyrian rulers of the early first millennium B.C., 858-754 B.C." https://ia801602.us.archive.org/15/items/AssyrianRulersOfTheEarlyFirstMillenniumBc858-754Bc/A._Kirk_Grayson_Assyrian_Rulers_of_the_Early_FirBookFi.org.pdf See also: Ottoman–Persian wars and Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam The Safavid Empire at its greatest extent

Iranian cuisine ( Persian: آشپزی ایرانی, romanized: Āshpazī Irānī) are the culinary traditions of Iran. Due to the historically common usage of the term " Persia" to refer to Iran in the Western world, [2] [3] [4] it is alternatively known as Persian cuisine, despite Persians being only one of a multitude of Iranian ethnic groups who have contributed to Iran's culinary traditions. [a]Vatandoust, Soraya. (13 March 2015). "Soup-e Jow". Authentic Iran: Modern Presentation of Ancient Recipes. Xlibris Corporation. p.22. ISBN 978-1-4990-4061-6. Second only to rice is the production and use of wheat. The following table lists several forms of flatbread and pastry bread commonly used in Iranian cuisine. Batmanglij, Najmieh. (1990). Food of Life: A Book of Ancient Persian and Modern Iranian Cooking and Ceremonies. Mage Publishers. p.103. ISBN 978-0-934211-27-7. It has a vicious temperament. Beware if it raises its tail straight up. This is a signal that it is about to pounce and bite. This Pokémon is popular with rich people. It’s also targeted by hunters who are after the jewel in its forehead.

By the 9th century, Abbasid control began to wane as regional leaders sprang up in the far corners of the empire to challenge the central authority of the Abbasid caliphate. [69] The Abbasid caliphs began enlisting mamluks, Turkic-speaking warriors, who had been moving out of Central Asia into Transoxiana as slave warriors as early as the 9th century. Shortly thereafter the real power of the Abbasid caliphs began to wane; eventually, they became religious figureheads while the warrior slaves ruled. [67] Babak Khorramdin was the leader of the Khurramīyah movement. A devout Zoroastrian, he led the Persian freedom movement against oppressive Arab rule.The Battle of Alexander. Here Alexander pursues Darius III. (Image credit: Photos.com via Getty Images)